A jet bridge is a movable, enclosed walkway that connects an airport terminal directly to an aircraft door, allowing passengers to board and disembark without stepping outside. Officially called a Passenger Boarding Bridge (PBB), this structure is commonly used at commercial airports around the world to provide a safe, weather-protected, and accessible boarding experience—particularly important for international and business class travelers.
How Jet Bridges Work
Jet bridges are typically attached to the airport terminal at one end and extend or pivot to meet an aircraft at the other. The bridge adjusts in height and length, accommodating various aircraft models and door configurations. Operators maneuver the bridge using a control panel located inside the cab, ensuring a secure fit with the plane’s doorway.
Most jet bridges are designed with three core parts:
- Cab: The end that interfaces with the aircraft door, often with a flexible bellows for a sealed connection.
- Tunnel: The long, telescoping passageway passengers walk through.
- Rotunda: The pivot point where the bridge is anchored to the terminal building.
Some international gates may feature dual jet bridges—one for economy and another for business or first class passengers—or allow boarding to both levels of large aircraft like the Airbus A380.
Benefits for Travelers
Jet bridges provide several passenger advantages:
- Protection from the elements: No exposure to rain, wind, or extreme temperatures.
- Accessibility: No stairs or uneven ground—boarding is safer and easier for all travelers, especially those with mobility concerns.
- Faster boarding and deplaning: Especially useful for business travelers with tight schedules or connections.
- Security: Keeps passengers within a controlled area, reducing access to airside ground operations.
Safety Considerations
While jet bridges are generally safe, improper operation can result in:
- Uneven alignment with aircraft doors, causing trip hazards.
- Slips and falls due to poor lighting or wet surfaces.
- Structural issues if the bridge isn’t properly retracted or maintained.
Operators are trained to minimize these risks, and many jet bridges are equipped with leveling systems and proximity sensors to help prevent damage to aircraft or injury to passengers.
Fixed vs. Mobile
- Fixed jet bridges are stationary and serve consistent aircraft types.
- Mobile jet bridges are more common and versatile, allowing adjustments for different aircraft positions, sizes, and boarding door heights.
At smaller or regional airports, where jet bridges may not be available, boarding is still often done via outdoor ramps or mobile stairs—less ideal in terms of convenience and comfort.
Common Alternate Terms
Jet bridges may also be referred to as:
- Jetway
- Air bridge
- Sky bridge
- Boarding bridge
- Passenger tunnel
- Aerobridge (common in international usage)