A low-cost carrier (LCC) is an airline that offers budget-friendly airfares by operating with a lean, cost-focused business model. These carriers minimize overhead by simplifying services, standardizing fleets, and flying point-to-point routes—often using secondary airports. The result: lower base fares, but limited included amenities.
Commonly referred to as budget airlines, no-frills carriers, or discount airlines, low cost carriers are popular among cost-conscious travelers and leisure flyers, although their offerings can vary widely between regions and operators.
Key Characteristics of Low-Cost Carriers
- Low Base Fares: The ticket price usually covers only transportation; extras like checked baggage, seat selection, meals, and boarding priority come with additional fees.
- Point-to-Point Routing: Instead of operating through a hub, most fly direct between cities, reducing transfer times and airport fees.
- Single Aircraft Type: Many use a single aircraft model across their entire fleet (e.g., Boeing 737), lowering maintenance, training, and operational costs.
- Secondary Airports: To save on landing and gate fees, low cost carriers often use less congested airports outside of major metro areas.
- Unbundled Services: Travelers can customize their experience by purchasing only what they need, but this means the total cost can rise quickly if add-ons are selected.
Why Low-Cost Carriers Are Cheaper
- High aircraft utilization (quick turnaround times)
- Streamlined staffing and operations
- Direct sales via their own websites (avoiding booking platform fees)
- No free meals or checked luggage unless paid for
- Limited customer service infrastructure
- High density seating (more passengers per aircraft)
Examples of Low-Cost Carriers
North America
- Southwest Airlines
- Spirit Airlines
- Frontier Airlines
- JetBlue (a hybrid model with more included amenities)
Europe
- Ryanair
- easyJet
- Wizz Air
- Vueling
Asia-Pacific
- AirAsia
- Jetstar
- IndiGo
- Scoot
Middle East & Africa
- Flydubai
- Air Arabia
- Fastjet
- Mango (South Africa)
Business Travel and Low-Cost Carriers
While low-cost carriers are best known for leisure travel, many business travelers use them for short-haul trips or regional connections—especially when flights are frequent and time matters more than onboard comfort.
Tips for Business Travelers Using Low-Cost Carriers:
- Calculate the full cost, including luggage and seat fees
- Review refund and change policies carefully
- Check on-time performance and delay records
- Select seats strategically for comfort or productivity
- Book directly on the carrier’s website to see full inventory
- Bring your own food or buy in advance if meals are important